The phenomenon of scaling is a type of fouling typically observed in heat exchangers, steam generators and cooling systems. It is caused by the interaction of chemical species dissolved in the water to form inorganic salts. The most common species which bring about the formation of scales are calcium and sodium-based compounds. The solubility of […]
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In cooling towers, the heat is rejected by the partial evaporation of water as it flows through the unit. The evaporation will bring along a rapid concentration of the chemical species naturally dissolved in the water. The principal scale found in cooling towers is calcium carbonate which comes from the decomposition of calcium bicarbonate. This
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Failures in the execution of commissioning activities, like chemical cleaning or steam blowing, can go unseen for the first several months of operation, but they have the potential cause a direct impact in the performance of a power plant. This article presents the problems experienced in a CSP Solar Power Plant, due to damages in
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A sudden change in a fluid cross-section area provokes a dynamic condition in which water pressure drops sharply below its boiling point and produces instant vaporization. Since this process is adiabatic, there is no exchange of heat with its surroundings, therefore, the total enthalpy remains the same. Consequently, most of the water molecules will absorb
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=\”HRSG Preheater Simulation\” use_theme_fonts=\”yes\”][vc_custom_heading text=\”Purpose\” font_container=\”tag:h3|text_align:left\” use_theme_fonts=\”yes\”][vc_column_text]A computational fluid dynamic simulation was carried out to study the effects of the flue gases velocity in the last stage modules of a HRSG preheater. The results allows us to visualize a map of temperature in a preheater module, hence, to better understand how energy is distributed.
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Flash steam is a dynamic condition in which the water pressure suddenly drops below its boiling point and produces instant vaporization. While the fluid experiences an abrupt expansion, the total enthalpy and temperature will remain the same. Most of the water molecules will absorb the excess of energy, as latent heat, and end up forming
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Acid cleaning corrosion is a key factor to considering during the chemical cleaning activities. A few months after the completion of a combined cycle, the plant was forced to shut down due to operational instabilities and loss of pressure in the steam generator. An exhaustive inspection was conducted to find out multiple leaks in the
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The main purpose of material selection is to reduce the cost of the design while meeting the operation performance target. However, due to the transient nature of commissioning, field activities can be significantly aggressive, and under some circumstances, can even exceed the operation conditions of in-line equipment. For this reason, it is very important to
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The efficiency of a heat recovery system, based on natural circulation, is determined by assuring satisfactory boiling conditions across the section of each heat exchange modules There are four main aspects for optimization: By definition, this is the mass water flow in circulation divided by the steam flow, which can be understood as the number
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